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Checkpoint 3 of 4

How to Choose ETFs

5 min

With thousands of ETFs available, choosing the right ones can feel overwhelming. Focus on a few key criteria to build a solid portfolio.

Start with Core Holdings

Core ETFs should form the foundation of your portfolio. These are broad, diversified funds like Total Stock Market, S&P 500, or Total International. They give you exposure to thousands of companies with a single investment.

What to Look For

Low expense ratio (under 0.20% for index funds). High trading volume and assets under management (AUM) for liquidity. Tight bid-ask spreads. Reputable fund provider (Vanguard, BlackRock, Schwab, Fidelity). Clear, simple strategy that you understand.

VTI - Total Stock Market
~4,000 U.S. stocks
0.03% expense ratio
VXUS - Total International
~8,000 non-U.S. stocks
0.07% expense ratio
BND - Total Bond Market
U.S. investment-grade bonds
0.03% expense ratio

Avoid Gimmicky ETFs

Stay away from ultra-niche, leveraged, or inverse ETFs unless you fully understand the risks. These complex products are often short-term trading tools, not long-term investments. Stick with simple, low-cost, diversified funds.

Key Takeaways
  • Start with broad, core ETFs that cover major asset classes
  • Look for low fees, high liquidity, and reputable providers
  • Avoid complex, leveraged, or niche ETFs for core holdings
Knowledge Check

Answer these questions to complete the checkpoint and unlock the next one.

1. What should you prioritize when choosing a core ETF?

2. Which of these is a good "core" ETF for a beginner?